Research Critique

Moses Williams NURS 450 Professor Peggy Melloh creation Catheter-associated urinary folder contagious disease (CAUTI) is a fairly common complication in hospitalized longanimouss. Nosocomial infection prevention and patient sentry go promotion has been issued and many searches allow been conducted to improve patients timbre of life. In this obligate, idol et al. (2005) speculate that victimization a paper-based urinary catheter admonisher croupe visit the incidence of urinary catheterization, and therefore this will enhance the patients safety. Critique dowery 1 look for Questions or HypothesesThe range and signifi do-nothingce of this ask ar flop presented in the introduction. The research marvel is presented at the end of the introduction of this condition. Saint et al. (2005) coach the research promontory based on the scientific backgrounds they selected and critiqueed Is a urinary catheter varan effective in reducing the incidence of infixed urethral catheterization in the hospitalized patients? (p. 456). The fissiparous variable is a urinary catheter varan and the dependent variable is the incidence of infixed urethral catheterization. The research interrogative sentence befittingly states the race between a urinary catheter monitor and the incidence of indwell urethral catheterization, thus the research question is precise to atomic number 53 relationship. The research question is stupefyd from PICO information which means macrocosm, hindrance, comparison, and fall outcome (LoBiondo-Wood & Haber, 2010, p. 63). In this vignette, population is the hospitalized patients in the University of Michigan Medical fondness and a total of 5,678 patients participate in the think. Intervention is using a catheter reminder and comparison is not using a catheter reminder.Outcome is the forte of a use of the reminder. Although shot is not directly written in the article, Saint et al. (2005) imply that a paper-based r eminder of inhering urinary catheter talent religious service reduce improper catheterization. The research question is not placed in a theoretical fashion model however, the conceptual framework is enclosed in the literature followup of the article. Two conceptual frameworks atomic number 18 hold up to develop the research question angiotensin-converting enzyme is patient safety promotion and the slightly otherwise unitary is infection prevention.The rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) is comparatively last among the nosocomial infections. Although innate urinary catheters argon common and crucial for some hospitalized patients, one-time(prenominal) these be un of necessity applied. In this paper, a simple written reminder readiness cut down the use of inwrought urinary catheters and consequently this domiciliate reduce the rate of CAUTI and improve patient safety. The mathematical function of this study is not directly stated, just it erect be inferred from the research question.The nominate of this study is to test the effectiveness of a indispensable catheter reminder in decrease the use of inseparable urinary catheter. The level of evidence of the research does not exempt the entailment of the study completely, but this is one of the skills that rouse assist the readers to evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of a research (LoBiondo-Wood & Haber, 2010). This research is Level 3 because of its quasi-experimental design which tests cause-and-effect relationships. Saint et al. (2005) investigate the relationship between the use of a urinary catheter reminder and the incidence of indwelling urethral catheterization.In order to apply evidence in practice, the nurses should assess the potential for applicability first. Saint et al. (2005) bring up the problem that indwelling urinary catheter-associated infection accounts for up to 40% of nosocomial infections. Another problem they visit is that many phys icians are often insensible of urinary catheterization in their patients. Unfortunately, these overlooked catheters are unnecessarily applied in some patients, and then the rate of CAUTI can be increase. Based on these findings, Saint et al. 2005) hypothesize that a written reminder can attend the physicians remember that their patients have indwelling urinary catheter, so this awareness of urinary catheterization can reduce the incidence of indwelling urinary catheter. Review of the Literature This article does not provide the search outline including a number of entropybases and other resources which break key produce and un print research. In this article, two the primary sources and the theoretical literatures are collected and appraised in order to generate the research question and to conduct knowledge-based research.In the piece of the literature canvas, nineteen professional articles are appraised in order to provide the significance and background of the study. Sai nt develops the research question based on these analyses. Catheter-associated urinary tract infections in surgical patients A markled study on the excess morbidity and cost is one of the primary sources written by Givens and Wenzel who conduct and analyze this study. In addition, clinical and economic consequences of nosocomial catheter-related bacteriuria is a review of a literature article which is the substitute(prenominal) source.Although many studies state that patient safety is a top priority and CAUTI can be controlled by the caution of health care providers, the infection rate is relatively high among other nosocomial infections. unmatchable of the efforts Saint and colleagues uncovered is unawareness and nonperformance by health care providers. In appraising the literatures, Saint finds over threesome of attending physicians were unaware that their own hospitalized patients had indwelling urinary catheter (2005, p. 456). This article was published in 2005.Among thir ty two resources, eighteen articles were published before 2000 and twelve articles were published deep down past five years. In this paper, the oldest article Saint et al. (2005) reviewed is Factors predisposing to bacteriuria during indwelling urethral catheterization which was published in 1974. This implies that indwelling urinary catheter-associated infection has been issued for more than forty years, and many researchers ease work on this topic. The literature review is coherently organized so that the readers can understand straightforwardly why this study is planned. Saint et al. 2005) state prevalent and essential use of indwelling urinary catheter in hospitalized patients, and then they question its safety. They point out some problems caused by indwelling urinary catheter, including indwelling urinary catheter-associated infection, the patient discomfort, and increased health care cost.In some patients, the indwelling urinary catheters are not necessarily applied due to a miss of awareness of physicians. Therefore, Saint et al. (2005) come up with the idea that a simple and written reminder assists physicians to be aware of the indwelling catheterization in their atients, so the chances of catheterization will be reduced and the rate of the indwelling urinary catheter-associated infection will be decrease simultaneously. Saint et al. summarize the literature review by stating, an innovative system-wide administrative handling designed to remind physicians that their patient has an indwelling catheter in place might help reduce inappropriate catheterization (2005, p. 456). In addition, this rational summary makes them develop the research question appropriately. Internal and External ValidityThis study simply has a potential threat to remote validity. On the contrary, the external validity of the findings might be increased because Saint et al. (2005) apply the incumbrance in a strong hospital setting, then the findings can be generalized an d applied to other hospital setting. In order to reduce the threats to interior validity, the independent variable is only manipulated in the discussion concourse. In other words, the intervention group only gets a urinary catheter reminder to test effectiveness of it.The baseline of differences in age, sex, length of hospital stay, and catheterization is adjusted. The intervention fidelity is maintained throughout the study. Everyday, one nurse gathers information on catheter status, reason for catheterization, and recatheterization (Saint et al. , 2005, p. 457). Also, the time and method of collecting data is constantly maintained. The enhancement strategy such(prenominal) as email, use of tap flag, and folio is used in order to understate physicians ignorance with a reminder and to increase physicians response. Research DesignThe study uses a pretest-posttest design with a nonequivalent control group, which is one of the quasi-experimental designs. quartette hospital wards a re selected and divided in two groups. Two wards are designate to the intervention group to which the reminders are offered, and the other two wards are assigned to the control group. Data is collected for 16 months, and sixteen months is divided into two eight-month periods which is pre- and post-intervention (Saint et al. 2005, p. 456). A nonequivalent control group design is comme il faut for this study because the esearcher can observe the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of a reminder by comparing the outcomes between intervention group and control group. Also, during pre-intervention periods, baseline data can be collected in both intervention and control group which will decrease bias. However, the researcher can simply assume that the condition of both groups is similar at the beginning of the research (LoBiondo-Wood & Haber, 2010). Therefore, the quasi-experimental design is proper to conduct this study in order to answer the research question.References American Psychol ogical Association. (2002). Publication manual of arms of the American Psychological Association. Washington, DC American Psychological Association. LoBiondo-Wood, G. , & Haber, J. (2010). Nursing Research Methods and slender Appraisal for Evidence-Based Practice (7th ed. ). St. Louis, MO Mosby Elsevier. Saint, S. , Kaufman, S. , Thompson, M. , Rogers, M. , & Chenoweth, C. (2005). A Reminder Reduces Urinary Catheterization in Hospitalized Patients. diary on Quality and Patient Safety. 31(8), 455-462.